As you know, it is easiest to sell raw materials, and this is true for traditional types of raw materials, and for the so-called information. What is Information Raw Material? Organization of outsourcing, offshore programming - these are types of export of information raw materials. What this scheme has in common is that the overseas partner releases the final product under its own brand, using the labor of Russian programmers, who for the most part do not have the rights to the final development.
Of course, the most promising domestic development of a full cycle - from design to implementation. This is not only the most difficult, but also the most promising business for both the developer and the state as a whole. Of course, the software industry in our country is still underdeveloped, but the perception of the weakness of the Russian software industry is also caused by low awareness of domestic developments, as well as their insufficient implementation.
In preparing this article, we interviewed about a hundred users and experts in the computer market in order to determine the ten best domestic products. Approximately half of the respondents could not remember all ten programs, and some limited themselves to only two or three names. Nevertheless, in total, about fifty domestic products were indicated. Absolute leadership belonged to the following products: 1C:Accounting, FineReader from ABBYY, Kaspersky Anti-Virus and PROMT translator, which were indicated in more than 90% of responses. Other products were not so popular - the remaining places were shared by 15 companies that received approximately the same number of votes. We list them in alphabetical order.
It seems to us that all the products presented below are proof of the viability and prospects for the development of Russian software. We should not forget that the future of domestic software largely depends on the Russian buyer, who votes for this or that software with his wallet. No one says that you need to buy a bad product just out of patriotism, but you should not lose sight of the best domestic developments, which in most cases will cost you less than foreign ones.
1C: Accounting 7.7
Developer: "1C"
"1C: Accounting" - probably the most popular product on the Russian market - is found in almost all answers to the above-mentioned survey. This is a universal mass-assignment program for accounting automation. It can be used both independently and in conjunction with other products of the 1C:Enterprise 7.7 system (1C:Trade and Warehouse, 1C:Salary and Human Resources, Production + Services + Accounting, etc.). A typical configuration is a ready-made solution for automating most areas of accounting. The package includes a configuration designed for accounting in self-supporting organizations. For keeping records in institutions and organizations that are on the budget, the separately supplied configuration "For budgetary organizations" is intended. In addition, "1C: Accounting 7.7" can be used with other specially created configurations.
The program allows you to automate both the maintenance of all sections of accounting (providing flexible options for this, including the use of several charts of accounts simultaneously, multidimensional analytical accounting, complex postings, etc.), and the preparation of any primary documents.
The initial information in "1C: Accounting 7.7" is an operation that reflects a real business transaction at the enterprise. The transaction contains one or more accounting entries to reflect the completed business transaction in accounting. Operations can be entered manually or generated automatically by the entered documents. Also, the program can use standard operations that make it possible to automate the input of frequently repeated operations.
"1C: Accounting 7.7" includes a set of standard reports that allow an accountant to obtain information for an arbitrary period, in various sections and with the required level of detail. All generated reports can be printed. The program includes a set of accounting and tax reporting forms, which are updated quarterly and distributed free of charge to registered users.
The typical configuration of "1C:Accounting 7.7" implements the most common accounting schemes and can be used in most organizations. To reflect the specifics of accounting for a particular enterprise, the typical configuration can be changed in accordance with accounting requirements.
When legislation and accounting methodology change, updates of the typical 1C:Accounting configuration are released, which are provided free of charge to registered users. The update mode implemented in the program allows you to download new features without losing data previously entered by the user.
"1C: Accounting 7.7" contains a variety of tools for communication with other programs:
- connection of legal support systems "1C: Garant". The integration of the 1C:Garant system and the programs of the 1C:Enterprise system allows you to select regulatory documents for the account or type of payroll that the accountant works with;
- the possibility of exchanging information with the "Bank Client" systems;
- data exchange with other systems through files in text format or in DBF format, as well as on the basis of modern integration tools: OLE, OLE Automation and DDE. Using these tools allows you to manage the work of other programs using the built-in language (for example, generate reports and graphs in Microsoft Excel); get access to 1C:Accounting 7.7 data from other programs; insert into documents and reports "1C: Accounting 7.7" objects created by other programs.
ABBYY FineReader 5.0
The world's most accurate recognition system ABBYY FineReader 5.0 is designed to automatically enter documents into a computer using a scanner.
The program is easy to use: you insert a document into the scanner, press the Scan&Read button, and the recognized text appears on the text editor screen. At the same time, the design of the document is completely preserved: the arrangement of text, tables, pictures, text color.
The following properties distinguish FineReader 5.0 from other recognition systems:
- recognition quality - the recognition accuracy in the fifth version of FineReader has improved by 1.5-2 times compared to version 4.0. To date, the FineReader OCR system has received more than 50 awards from reputable international publications;
- Precise preservation of document design - preservation of design has been improved both by improving the analysis of the document and by more accurately preserving its font design (such features as bold and italics, spacing between words and paragraphs, etc. are preserved);
- quick publication of documents on the Internet - HTML, PDF formats are supported;
- 176 recognition languages - for 30 of them the spell check function is available;
- call from Microsoft Word;
- automatic division of double book pages.
FineReader 5.0 Pro is the most popular version in the FineReader line, combining the level of a professional version with an affordable price. Provides high-quality work in automatic mode, provides ample opportunities for editing the result (a convenient built-in editor, the ability to check with an image, an ergonomic interface of the spell check window, tools for editing blocks).
FineReader 5.0 Office includes additional professional features such as barcode recognition and the creation of new languages. But the main difference is the possibility of organizing mass input. The version supports network processing of documents. The Office version comes with Formulator, a form filler that lets you fill out any form, such as a passport application, visa application, or index card, in a matter of minutes.
PROMT Translation Office 2000
Developer: PROMT company
PROMT Translation Office 2000 is a system for professional work with texts in foreign languages. The product includes 8 programs that effectively solve the problem of translation when working with documents, correspondence and when working on the Internet. The system is already well known to many users, so we list only its main features:
- the system is integrated into all Microsoft Office 2000 applications, which allows you to comfortably translate Word documents and emails to Outlook without leaving the window of a familiar application;
- professional linguistic editor PROMT provides a wide range of settings for various specialized texts, being an indispensable tool for translators and linguists;
- a large English-Russian-English dictionary, which is included in the package, allows you to find a translation of almost any English or Russian word;
- WebView browser allows you to easily get acquainted with information on foreign sites and search the Internet.
Translation Office 2000 was released in April 2000 and has been constantly improved and developed over the past year and a half. Among the most significant changes are the update of the translation engine (up to version 1.9) in order to improve the quality of translation, and the acceleration of the mechanism for embedding translation functions into Microsoft Office 2000 applications.
This year it became possible to translate from Spanish into Russian. Thus, the PROMT Translation Office 2000 system now works for five European languages: English, German, French, Italian and Spanish.
Price: $300
Kaspersky Anti-Virus
Developer: Kaspersky Lab
Kaspersky Anti-Virus is a recognized leader in computer information protection technologies. Many functional features of most modern antiviruses were first developed in Kaspersky Lab. A number of major Western manufacturers of anti-virus software use the anti-virus engine of this product in their products. Exceptional reliability and quality of the program are confirmed by numerous awards and certificates from Russian and foreign computer publications, independent testing laboratories. Kaspersky Lab develops a wide range of software products for information security. The company's product line includes anti-virus programs, information integrity control systems and intrusion protection systems. Antivirus is one of the main areas of activity of Kaspersky Lab, on which the main efforts of the company are concentrated. The proposed range of products is aimed at both home computers and corporate networks of any size. The company's anti-virus solutions provide reliable control over all potential sources of computer viruses: they are used on workstations, file servers, Web servers, mail systems, firewalls, PDAs. Convenient management tools give users the opportunity to automate the anti-virus protection of computers and corporate networks as much as possible.
Kaspersky Anti-Virus can be purchased in computer stores and salons or via the Internet: through the People's Anti-Virus marketing program, by credit cards, in online stores, as well as from official partners of the company.
Prices for all products can be found at http://www.kaspersky.com/products.asp?pricelist=1 .
Price for products for home users with a one-year subscription: Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal - $50, Kaspersky Anti-Virus Personal Pro - $69
ABBYY Lingvo 7.0
Developer: ABBYY Software House
The powerful professional dictionary ABBYY Lingvo 7.0 is very easy to use. In addition to the vast vocabulary base, the advantages of Lingvo include a fast and convenient search system, grammatical comments on words, and the ability to create your own dictionaries. In addition, the most common English words in Lingvo are voiced by a native speaker. All this makes Lingvo 7.0 an indispensable assistant not only for translators, but also for language learners.
ABBYY Lingvo 7.0 (English-Russian and Russian-English versions) contains more than 1 million 200 thousand entries in 18 English-Russian and Russian-English dictionaries of general and specialized vocabulary (economics, science and technology, polytechnics, computer science and programming, oil and gas, etc.). The user can work with any number of required dictionaries in all combinations.
Advantages of Lingvo 7.0:
- high-quality dictionaries with modern vocabulary;
- online translation via hotkeys Ctrl-Ins-Ins;
- creating custom dictionaries;
- free user dictionaries at http://www.lingvo.ru/;
- comments on words;
- live sound of 5 thousand English words;
- thoughtful interface; support for drag-and-drop technology; simultaneous work with a large number of dictionaries on a virtual bookshelf.
The price of the English-Russian and Russian-English versions is $12.
Cortona VRML client
Developer: ParallelGraphics
ParallelGraphics' Cortona VRML client is the world's most popular VRML browser for viewing a variety of 3D scenes, models, and worlds in VRML, a widely used and ISO standard 3D format.
In addition to supporting the full VRML specification, Cortona also supports a number of extensions such as NURBS and Splines, specular maps, drag-and-drop, Automation Interface, and more. This functionality makes Cortona a powerful and efficient platform for building various online and offline 3D solutions such as virtual interactive guides, visualization of processes and procedures, entertainment and educational 3D single and multi-user services.
Using advanced algorithms and technologies, Cortona allows you to display the most complex scenes and models in real time, while achieving excellent image quality. And with native support for DirectX, OpenGL, hardware graphics accelerators, and the fact that Cortona is optimized for various Intel processors (from the Pentium processor with MMX technology to the new Intel Pentium 4), users can be sure that Cortona will optimally manage available hardware and software resources to achieve maximum performance.
Currently installed on more than 500,000 computers worldwide, Cortona VRML client is the de facto standard for viewing VRML scenes and models. Companies that have chosen Cortona include BBC Online, Boeing, Man Roland and many more.
ParallelGraphics also offers versions of Cortona for other platforms: Mac, Mac OS X, Java, and Pocket PC.
For more information about the Cortona VRML client and a free version for personal use, please visit http://www.parallelgraphics.com/products/cortona/ . For personal non-commercial use Cortona VRML client is distributed free of charge. A commercial license costs from $5 per workstation.
DoctorWeb32
Developer: DialogueScience
According to the results of our survey, Doctor Web was in second place, behind Kaspersky Anti-Virus in terms of popularity. However, DialogScience, as is clear from the press releases distributed by the company, is not at all inclined to dramatize the situation. On the contrary (and this is an indisputable fact), 2001 was the most successful year in Doctor Web's career - in November, the program received another, already the seventh, VB100% award, awarded according to the results of the most authoritative comparative antivirus testing conducted by the independent international magazine Virus Bulletin. Considering that four of the seven awards have been received since September 2001, it is impossible not to admit that the optimism of the DialogScience staff is not unfounded.
But it's not just the awards, of course. Over the past year, the program has been continuously improved, and the product has developed both "in depth" (technologically) and "in breadth" (versions for various operating systems were released). The latter, by the way, did not go unnoticed by colleagues - Doctor Web for Linux was chosen by ASPLinux manufacturers to be included in the distribution of the corresponding operating system. A complete listing of all the technological know-how implemented in the program would take up too much space. We note only some of the most striking:
- a powerful heuristic for detecting viruses that are not included in the virus database (however, the database is sometimes updated several times a day - by releasing so-called hot additions);
- unique virus activity control technology implemented in SpIDer Guard resident watchdog;
- full Windows memory test.
It should also be noted that Doctor Web, stuffed with many "high technologies", has not turned into an anti-virus "monster" that frightens viruses by its very volume. The developers manage to keep the face of the program, so loved by many users: compactness, reliability, performance and external simplicity.
Annual subscription $51
FAR is a powerful file shell for Windows, one of the best Norton-like file managers. The interface of the program follows the traditional interface of Norton Commander (the same menu and even launching the program in a DOS window), which makes it easier to launch some old programs developed under DOS. At the same time, FAR has many new features that make working with the program very convenient.
FAR provides a wide range of commands for files and folders (view, edit, copy, move and rename, create, delete), has a simple user-friendly interface, provides drag-and-drop functions for copy and move operations. The program works correctly with long file names, allows you to search and view texts in several different Russian encodings, enter the archives of most popular archivers.
FAR provides convenient access to file archives on the Internet via the FTP protocol. You can pre-configure the connection settings with the FTP server by typing the server address, access name and password, as well as other parameters (and you can configure any number of such connections), and then connect to the server by simply selecting one of the previously configured connections. The list of FTP servers can have a branching structure, that is, you can create folders inside it and put new connections to FTP servers there or copy existing ones. After connecting, working with the server for transferring files is no different from working with files on your computer: the same functions are available for copying, deleting, creating files and directories on an FTP server.
For convenience, files of different types in FAR are displayed in different colors, and it is possible to customize the colors for each group and determine which types of files are included in the group. FAR Manager is a program with an open architecture that allows you to write your own plugins.
You can significantly expand the capabilities of the FAR program and improve the convenience of work with the help of add-ons, many of which can be found on the Internet at sites with free software.
You can download the program at:
Pricing: Single user $25, 5 users $85.7
The Bat!
Developer: RIT Labs
The Bat! - powerful and convenient e-mail client for Windows 95/98/NT from RIT Labs. The program has many unique features and is an example of how a small company can create a product that can compete with the programs of world giants.
The Bat! has a small volume (an installation file without a Russian interface takes about 2 MB), supports any number of mailboxes (accounts), supports POP3 / SMTP, APOP, IMAP4, LDAP protocols, provides a wide choice of interface languages with the ability to switch on the fly (17 languages , including almost all Slavic). You can view files in HTML format, import data from other mail programs, there are built-in viewing tools for graphic files (*.GIF, *.PNG, *.BMP, *.ICO, *.WMF, *.EMF and *.JPEG).
The Bat! has powerful message sorting filters that automate the work with correspondence. The program provides a convenient text editor with formatting and automatic spell checking in several languages. Implemented absolutely correct support for all Russian and other Eastern European encodings (koi-8, win-1251, dos-866, etc.).
Additional conveniences are provided by message templates and "quick templates" that insert pre-prepared text, saving a lot of time when writing letters.
The Bat! is distributed as a shareware product and you can use the full commercial version of the program for 30 days by downloading version 1.53d from: http://www.ritlabs.com/en/the_bat/download.html and then following register your copy. Recommended prices for a single copy of the product: student - $15, for individuals - $20, commercial - $30.
T-FLEX CAD
Developer: "Top Systems"
T-FLEX CAD is one of the best Russian computer-aided design systems for preparing design and technological documentation. To create design products (drawings, models, documentation, etc.), Top Systems offers five systems that cover all levels of design work automation: T-FLEX CAD LT (drawing automation), T-FLEX CAD 2D (design automation), T-FLEX CAD 3D SE (3D drawing preparation), T-FLEX CAD 3D (3D modeling), T-FLEX CAD Viewer (freeware for viewing and printing T-FLEX CAD 2D drawings) .
The proposed systems allow a flexible approach to equipping workplaces to solve production problems, taking into account the specifics of work at each workplace and the financial capabilities of the enterprise. The possibility of stage-by-stage software and hardware equipping while maintaining the effectiveness of existing programs makes the choice of T-FLEX very attractive. Complex equipment with the proposed systems has the best indicator "functionality / price".
Powerful parametric tools of the T-FLEX CAD 2D system, which is used for design automation, significantly increase the productivity of the designer.
The economical T-FLEX CAD LT system differs from T-FLEX 2D only in the absence of parameterization tools. The system contains a set of functions sufficient to generate drawings of any complexity. Designed with the latest advances in CAD, sketching features allow you to create non-parametric drawings quickly, conveniently and with high quality. All functions of drawing design, copying, import-export, work with texts, tables, libraries of texts and 2D elements are supported.
T-FLEX CAD 3D is the first and so far the only Russian system that uses the Unigraphics Solutions Parasolid geometric kernel, which allows T-FLEX CAD 3D users to model 3D parts and assembly structures of any complexity.
The T-FLEX CAD 3D SE system makes it possible to minimize the cost of preparing drawing documentation for 3D models created in T-FLEX CAD 3D or imported from other systems.
The free T-FLEX CAD Viewer program is designed to view and print 2D drawings made in the T-FLEX CAD system. Users of the T-FLEX CAD system can transfer the design and technological documentation they develop in electronic form to partners working with other programs. T-FLEX CAD Viewer can also be used in technical workflow systems to view T-FLEX CAD drawings.
Main features of T-FLEX CAD systems:
- friendly parameterization tools are the basis of advanced T-FLEX CAD technologies. Unlike similar CAD systems, creating parametric models in T-FLEX CAD does not require programming skills, since the designer deals with ordinary variables and functions. Parametric relations of T-FLEX CAD make it easy and natural to animate the project, providing the ability to view the movement of the structure created by the designer and kinematic analysis;
- optimization is one of the designer's powerful tools that allows you to select the best product parameters without manually adjusting the geometry. Thanks to the model optimization module, in T-FLEX CAD it is much easier to determine the parameters of bodies of a given volume, mass-inertia characteristics, equilibrium, balancing, etc.;
- user dialog is a new functionality offered only by T-FLEX today. The dialog organizes a visual representation of the changeable parameters of a unified part of the enterprise. This facilitates the use of a parametric design by any designer, makes it possible to compactly display the parameters used. Dialogs are convenient for offering products on the Internet, since it is possible to display not only variable variables that a potential customer can “play with”, but also information from the developer;
- Assembly models are the key to global design automation. A distinctive feature of T-FLEX CAD is the creation of parametric assembly drawings, which can be created both from a single part to an assembly, and from an assembly to each part or in a complex. Using the parametric drawings of individual parts created in T-FLEX CAD 2D, you can combine them into assembly drawings. Changing the parameters of the assembly drawing leads to a change in all its components.
Pricing: T-FLEX CAD LT $499, T-FLEX CAD 2D $949, T-FLEX CAD 3D SE $1495, T-FLEX CAD 3D $2895
WinRAR
Developer: Evgeny Roshal
WinRAR is a 32-bit RAR archiver for Windows, a powerful tool for creating and managing archives. There are several versions of RAR for various operating systems, including DOS, OS/2, Windows (32-bit), UNIX (Linux, BSD, SCO, Sparc and HP-UX) and Be OS.
There are two versions of RAR for Windows: a graphical user interface (GUI) version - WinRAR.exe and a console version of Rar.exe that runs from the command line in text mode.
WinRAR provides full support for RAR and ZIP archives, implements an original high-performance data compression algorithm and a special multimedia compression algorithm. User-friendly interface supports drag-and-drop technology).
The program provides:
- the presence of a command line interface;
- management of archives of other formats (CAB, ARJ, LZH, TAR, GZ, ACE, UUE);
- support for solid archives, in which the compression ratio can be 10-50% higher than with conventional compression methods, especially when packing a significant number of small similar files;
- support for multi-volume archives;
- creation of self-extracting (SFX) regular and multi-volume archives using standard or additional SFX modules;
- recovery of physically damaged archives.
There are other additional features, such as encryption, adding archive comments (with support for ANSI ESC sequences), error logging, etc.
In September of this year, another version of WinRAR 2.90 appeared.
Pricing: Single user $35, 5 users $120
Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius 2001
Developer: Cyril and Methodius
BECM'2001 is the fifth edition of the popular Russian encyclopedia, the content of which is constantly expanding and updated over the course of five years. Each new version of this universal program contains numerous changes and additions that allow it to be always up-to-date and reliable. Now the volume of textual information included in the "Great Encyclopedia of Cyril and Methodius 2001" is 68 book volumes (regular format, 600 pages each).
BECM'2001 contains:
- 82 thousand encyclopedic articles;
- 17,400 illustrations;
- 640 audio fragments (7 hours of sound);
- 420 video clips (5 hours of video);
- geographical atlas of the world;
- statistical data on the countries of the world;
- texts of laws of the Russian Federation;
- "Chronicle of Humanity" (four scales);
- animated cards;
- "The Age of Dinosaurs";
- "Earth Ecosystems" (22 multimedia panoramas);
- "Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" by S.I. Ozhegov and N.Yu. Shvedova;
- "Explanatory Dictionary of Foreign Words" by L.P. Krysin.
BECM is an extensive source of information in all areas of knowledge: a huge amount of data, a scrupulously developed structure of the encyclopedia, a wide range of applications and a unique search engine allow us to talk about the most effective use of the encyclopedia in any field of human activity. Legal users of previous editions of BECM will be able to exchange their discs for BECM'2001 for $22. BECM'2001 is distributed in two versions: 8 CDs and DVD.
Price $45
Descartes 2.9
Developer: Arsenal
Descartes 2.9 is a personal finance management system that takes into account all income and expenses (cash, plastic card transactions, bank account transactions) and gives a complete picture of your financial situation. The program is not difficult to master and serves as an indispensable tool for managing a personal or family budget.
Functionality of the program:
- multi-currency accounts - accounts can be maintained in any currency, and a reference book of rates is maintained for each currency;
- classification, periodization and detailing of transactions - the ability to set your own categories of financial transactions, assignments, recipients and transaction labels; automatic input of repetitive operations with a specified frequency or in a specified period of time;
- debts and loans - the ability to track operations for the repayment of debts, obtaining or issuing loans with automatic accounting for interest on these operations;
- text and graphic reports - Descartes generates various reports in text or graphic form: general balance, dynamics of expenses and incomes for a period, structure of expenses and incomes for a period, account statement, layout by two arbitrary classifications, date or amount. Generated reports can be printed in text or graphic form and exported to common Microsoft Word and Excel applications;
- the ability to work with multiple databases - this feature is included in the system at the request of users who use this program for business purposes. This is convenient, in particular, for employees of a small enterprise working on a single computer;
- work with external modules - the "Export" and "Import" items of the "Document" menu are used to exchange data between this and other programs.
The demo version of the product can be downloaded at http://www.ars.ru/products/download.asp?prod=35 .
Price: $40
Document management system "Euphrates Office"
Developer: Cognitive Technologies:
The Euphrates system is a tool for organizing documents, successfully solving problems related to the organization of documentary support for management. On the basis of the "client-server" technology, "Euphrates" solves the problems of the organization's document flow.
The system provides new opportunities for complex office automation, including registration, execution control, transfer, search and creation of an electronic archive of documents received from a variety of sources.
The main features of "Euphrates Office":
- automatic document input (including OCR);
- registration (automatic full-text indexing of text documents for all words of the text, taking into account Russian morphology; requisite registration of any electronic and paper documents for any set of requisites, etc.);
- view;
- search (full-text and requisite search for documents on request of any complexity using logical operations "AND", "OR", "NOT"; contextual search);
- export;
- seal;
- creation of electronic archives;
- control and executive discipline;
- creating reports.
It is possible to install the "Euphrates Document Server" module, which ensures the joint work of users with a single database.
Price: $199 including VAT.
IL-2. Stormtrooper
Developer: 1C: Maddox Games
Publisher: "1C"
Simulator of the legendary "flying tank" of the Great Patriotic War. The degree of detailing of models of vehicles is recognized as superior to most of the existing games from the leaders of the Western market. The quality of ground vehicle models is not inferior to the quality of tank simulators, not to mention flight simulators. This is one of the most high-tech and historically accurate flight simulators in the history of the simulation genre. "IL-2. Sturmovik" tells about the most large-scale battles that took place on the fronts in the period from 1941 to 1945. The game simulates 77 types of aircraft (of which you can fly on 31), 86 types of tanks, armored vehicles and cars (both Soviet and American, and German), several types of locomotives, platforms with tanks, cars and anti-aircraft guns, passenger and freight cars , Soviet and German howitzers, warships and even submarines!
The family of legal reference systems "ConsultantPlus" includes 18 main software products: databases on federal and regional legislation, international law, judicial practice, databases of consultations on accounting and taxation. Users of the "ConsultantPlus" systems have access to legal acts of the Soviet period, as well as forms of business documentation.
"ConsultantPlus" systems are used in practice by managers, accountants, lawyers and other professionals whose work is related to the application and analysis of legislation. Among the users are large, medium and small enterprises of all forms of ownership and various activities.
All systems are developed in a single software technology and are equipped with the necessary functions for searching for information and working with it. Documents in the database can be found by details (accepting body, date or time range of adoption, type of document, number), and by subject, and by any words or phrases from the text or title. The texts of the documents are provided with hyperlinks to related (amending, supplementing, etc.) legal acts. The user can print documents from the system, write them to a file, export them to MS Word for further work.
The "ConsultantPlus" software shell has been certified by Microsoft for compatibility with Windows operating systems and received the Microsoft logo "Certified for Microsoft Windows - Windows 2000 Professional".
The "ConsultantPlus" system includes regular updating of information. Information update standard - daily via telecommunication networks or weekly via courier delivery. The supply of systems, as well as service maintenance, is carried out by 300 regional service centers of the ConsultantPlus network in 150 cities of Russia. Service includes updating information in the system on the user's computer, free training to work with the system (with the issuance of a personal certificate), free replacement of software versions with new ones, consultations on the operation of systems and technical support.
The cost of supplying a particular system depends on the amount of data included.
As an example, we can cite the cost of supplying and updating the two most common systems: systems under federal law ConsultantPlus: VersionProf and systems for information and legal support of accounting ConsultantAccountant:VersiyaProf. Installing the ConsultantPlus:VersionProf system (34,000 documents, up to 400 new documents per month) costs 23,802 rubles, updating information - 1,794 rubles. Delivery of the ConsultantAccountant:VersionProf system (11,400 regulatory documents and 31,600 consulting materials, up to 110 new documents and up to 700 consulting materials per month) costs 10,300 rubles. 80 kopecks, updating information - 1,120 rubles. 80 kop. (All data and prices are as of November 2001).
Lexicon 5.1
Developer: Arsenal
"Lexicon 5.1" is a full-featured word processor for Windows 98/Me/NT/2000, developed taking into account the peculiarities of the Russian language, the specifics of paperwork and office work. The program contains a rich set of functions (it makes it possible not only to fill in textual information, but also to format it in almost any way, it has a convenient and practical interface with flexible settings.
In addition to all the traditional functions of working with text, "Lexicon 5.1" has a unique document management system "Archive" - these are catalogs of documents systematized according to various criteria, regardless of the direct placement of files with these documents. This release introduces for the first time a powerful navigation tool that allows the user to see a condensed view of all open documents. The program also has the function of comparing documents with the ability to edit the compared text.
Lexicon 5.1 is equipped with a new system for finding and correcting spelling errors, which automatically checks mixed texts in Russian and English in the background. It is also possible to instantly correct Russian text accidentally typed in the English keyboard mode, and vice versa.
Another important feature of Lexicon 5.1 is versatility. The editor supports file formats MS Word 6-8, RTF, TXT, HTML, DOS versions of Lexicon. In addition, the program is fully compatible with the Lotus Notes workflow system and can be used with it as the main text editor.
The demo version of the product can be downloaded at: http://www.ars.ru/products/download.asp?prod=173 .
Below you will find free programs distributed under licenses
Linux Ubuntu
official site Operating Systems 5One of the many free operating systems based on the Linux kernel. The operating system has a clear interface, it is quite easy to work with. The operating system is largely reliable and you don't have to worry about viruses. By default, the operating system includes a set of necessary applications for working with documents and the Internet. The OS is constantly updated.
Linux openSuse
Linux, FreeBSD, Mac OS X official website February 04, 2016 GNU General Public License - license for personal and commercial use Operating Systems 2
Free modern Linux, correctly Russified, contains all the programs that are written under Linux / Unix and which are not in other versions of Linux. Also based on openSuse, the most modern server version of SLES Linux is being released.
React OS
Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, Mac OS X official site April 17, 2016 GNU General Public License - license for personal and commercial use Operating Systems 9
ReactOS is a truly free version of Windows. This operating system is designed to be able to run Windows applications on it. In other words, if you install ReactOS, you will be able to use the apps you know. It is worth noting that ReactOS is far from complete and not all functionality is supported. The interface of this free operating system resembles Windows 98.
The need to accelerate the development of the domestic software market, ensure maximum independence from foreign developments in the field of high technologies and preserve information sovereignty was first discussed at the highest level in 2014, when US and EU sanctions sharply increased the risks associated with the use of foreign software in business and government organizations . It was then that the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation was seriously puzzled by the solution of this strategically significant, according to officials, issue, along with stimulating demand for national products and developing appropriate measures to support domestic developers. As a result, in the shortest possible time at the legislative level, restrictions were approved on the admission of foreign software in state and municipal procurement, as well as the rules for the formation and maintenance of a unified register of Russian programs. All this had a positive impact on the software market in Russia, which has recently been replenished with many interesting projects and developments. Including in the field of operating systems.
"Alt Linux SPT" is a unified distribution kit based on Linux for servers, workstations and thin clients with built-in information security software, which can be used to build automated systems according to class 1B inclusive and personal data information systems (ISPD) according to class 1K inclusive. The OS allows you to simultaneously store and process confidential data on one personal computer or server, provide multi-user work with access control to information, work with virtual machines, and use centralized authorization tools. The certificate issued by the FSTEC of Russia confirms the compliance of the product with the requirements of the following guidelines: “Computer facilities. Protection against unauthorized access to information. Indicators of security against unauthorized access to information” - for the 4th class of security; "Protection against unauthorized access to information. Part 1. Information security software. Classification according to the level of lack of undeclared capabilities” - according to the 3rd level of control and technical conditions. Technical support for Alt Linux SPT users is provided by Free Software and Technologies through its developer partner Basalt SPO.
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Developer: Basalt SPO
The Alt platform is a set of enterprise-level Linux distributions that allow you to deploy a corporate IT infrastructure of any scale. The platform includes three distributions. This is a universal "Alt Workstation", which includes an operating system and a set of applications for full-fledged work. The second is the Alt Server server distribution kit, which can act as an Active Directory domain controller and contains the most complete set of services and environments for creating a corporate infrastructure (DBMS, mail and web server, authentication tools, work group, virtual machine management and monitoring, etc. instruments). The third is "Alt Education 8", focused on everyday use in planning, organizing and conducting the educational process in institutions of general, secondary and higher education. In addition, the product series of Basalt SPO includes the aforementioned certified distribution kit Alt Linux SPT and the Simply Linux operating system for home users.
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Developer: National Informatization Center (part of Rostec State Corporation)
A Russian project to create an ecosystem of Linux distribution-based software products designed for integrated automation of workplaces and IT infrastructure of organizations and enterprises, including data centers, servers and client workstations. The platform is presented in OS.Office and OS.Server versions. They differ in the sets of application software included in the distribution. The office edition of the product contains the actual operating system, information security tools, a software package for working with documents, an email client and a browser. The server version includes an operating system, information security tools, monitoring and system management tools, an email server and a DBMS. Potential users of the platform include federal and regional authorities, local governments, companies with state participation and state corporations. It is assumed that the OS-based ecosystem will become a full-fledged alternative to Western counterparts in the near future.
The development of the research and production association "RusBITech", presented in two versions: Astra Linux Common Edition (general purpose) and Astra Linux Special Edition (special purpose). Features of the latest version of the OS: advanced tools for ensuring information security of processed data, a mechanism for mandatory access control and control of the closure of the software environment, built-in tools for marking documents, registering events, monitoring data integrity, as well as other components that ensure information protection. According to the developers, Astra Linux Special Edition is the only software platform that is simultaneously certified in the information security certification systems of the FSTEC of Russia, the Federal Security Service, the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and allows processing in automated tools of all ministries, departments and other institutions of the Russian Federation restricted access information containing state components. secret information with a stamp no higher than "top secret".
⇡ ROSAlinux
Developer: NTC IT ROSA LLC
The ROSA Linux family of operating systems includes an impressive set of solutions designed for home use (ROSA Fresh version) and use in a corporate environment (ROSA Enterprise Desktop), deployment of infrastructure IT services of an organization (ROSA Enterprise Linux Server), processing of confidential information and personal data ( ROSA "Cobalt"), as well as information constituting a state secret (ROSA "Khrom" and "Nickel"). The listed products are based on the developments of Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Mandriva and CentOS with the inclusion of a large number of additional components, including original ones created by programmers of the ROSA Scientific and Technical Information Technology Center. In particular, OS distributions for the corporate segment of the market include virtualization tools, backup software, tools for building private clouds, as well as centralized management of network resources and data storage systems.
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Developer: Calculate company
Available in Desktop, Directory Server, Scratch, Scratch Server editions, Calculate Linux is designed with home users and SMBs in mind who prefer open source software over proprietary solutions. Platform features: full-fledged work in heterogeneous networks, a mechanism for roaming user profiles, a centralized software deployment toolkit, ease of administration, the ability to install on portable USB drives, and support for binary Gentoo update repositories. It is important that the development team is available and open to any comments, suggestions and wishes of the user audience, as evidenced by the huge number of ways to get involved in the Calculate Linux community and development of the platform.
⇡ "Ulyanovsk.BSD »
Developer: Sergey Volkov
The operating system, which is built on the basis of the freely distributed FreeBSD platform and contains the necessary set of applications for home users and office tasks. According to the sole developer of the OS, Sergey Volkov, Ulyanovsk.BSD is fully adapted to the needs of Russian-speaking users. “Our assembly is as light as possible and is ideal for use both on home computers and on workstations of employees of various organizations, as well as for use in educational institutions,” the author of the project claims, without going into details of how the product compiled by him differs from the original. The solidity of the project is added not only by the presence of a distribution kit distributed on commercial terms and paid technical support, but also by an entry in the register of Russian software. This means that the Ulyanovsk.BSD software platform can legally be used by government organizations as part of projects to introduce import-substituting technologies.
A certified and secure operating system that allows processing information in accordance with Federal Law No. 152 “On Personal Data” and implementing systems for processing restricted access information that is not classified as a state secret. ICLinux includes remote administration tools, has a built-in firewall certified for compliance with the DOE RD for the 3rd security class, supports RDP, X-Windows System, SSH, Telnet, VNC, VPN, NX, ICA and other protocols. Also, the asset of the platform includes compatibility with the means of authentication of the company "Aladdin R.D." and a modular architecture that allows you to flexibly customize the operating system to meet customer requirements.
⇡ Alpha OS (Alfa OS)
Developer: ALFA Vision
Another clone of Linux, equipped with a user interface a la macOS with a set of familiar office applications and filled with deep philosophical meaning. No kidding, on the developer's website in the "About the company" section, it says: " The operating system is a special phenomenon, a point at which technological, aesthetic and humanitarian concepts converge. The top, which is visible from all sides. For it to shine, to become what it should be, the most diverse meaningful experience is needed. And we have it". How much expression in these words, what a presentation of information! Agree, not everyone can present their product to a wide audience so expressively. At the moment, "Alpha OS" is presented as a desktop version for x86-compatible systems. In the future, ALFA Vision intends to roll out mobile and server editions of the OS to the market, as well as a distribution kit for devices based on ARM processors.
A software platform designed specifically for computing systems with SPARC and Elbrus architecture. A feature of the system is a radically redesigned Linux kernel, which implemented special mechanisms for managing processes, virtual memory, interrupts, signals, synchronization, and support for tagged calculations. " We have done fundamental work to transform the Linux OS into a real-time operating system, for which actual optimizations have been implemented in the kernel. During real-time operation, you can set various modes for processing external interrupts, scheduling calculations, exchanges with disk drives, and some others.”, - explain in the company “MCST”. In addition, a complex of information protection tools from unauthorized access is built into the core of the Elbrus software platform, which allows using the OS to build automated systems that meet the highest information security requirements. The system also includes archiving, task scheduling, software development and other tools.
⇡ "RedOS"
An operating system based on the Linux kernel, created with an eye to ensuring the security of processed data. "Red OS" complies with national information security requirements, has preconfigured configurations for each hardware architecture, uses GOST 34.11-2012 algorithms in the ssh and NX protocols, and also supports access control lists. In addition, the OS supports network authentication using pluggable authentication modules (PAM, Pluggable Authentication Modules) and includes a specialized distributed audit subsystem that allows you to track critical security events in the corporate network and provides the IT administrator with the necessary tools for prompt response to incidents. IB.
⇡ GosLinux ("GosLinux")
Developer: Red Soft company
GosLinux OS was created specifically for the needs of the Federal Bailiff Service of the Russian Federation (FSSP of Russia) and is suitable for use in all government bodies, state non-budgetary funds and local governments. The platform is built on the basis of the CentOS 6.4 distribution kit, which includes the developments of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The system is presented in two editions - for servers and workstations, contains a simplified graphical interface and a set of preconfigured information protection tools. The OS developer is the Red Soft company, which won in March 2013 the competition for the revision, implementation and maintenance of automated information systems of the Federal Bailiff Service of Russia. In 2014, the system received a certificate of conformity from the FSTEC of Russia, confirming that GosLinux has an estimated level of trust OUD3 and complies with the requirements of the governing document of the State Technical Commission of the Russian Federation on the 4th level of monitoring the absence of undeclared capabilities. The GosLinux distribution kit for public authorities is placed in the national fund of algorithms and programs at nfap.minsvyaz.ru. At the moment, the GosLinux platform is being actively deployed in all territorial bodies and divisions of the Federal Bailiff Service of Russia. The OS was also transferred for trial operation to representatives of the authorities of the Nizhny Novgorod, Volgograd and Yaroslavl regions.
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Developer: Almi LLC
Product website:
Another Linux build on our list that certainly doesn't suffer from a lack of laudatory epithets from its developers. " Unique, perfect, simple, combining the convenience of the Windows operating system, the stability of macOS and the security of Linux"- with such phrases raising AlterOS to the skies, the official website of the product is stitched up and down. What exactly is the uniqueness of the domestic platform, the site does not say, but information is provided on three editions of the OS: AlterOS Volga for the public sector, AlterOS Amur for the corporate segment and AlterOS Don for servers. It is reported that the system is compatible with a variety of software solutions that are in demand in the business environment, including 1C and Consultant Plus, as well as domestic cryptographic protection tools (for example, CryptoPro). A separate emphasis is placed on the absence in the version of the platform for government organizations of software that interacts with foreign servers - everything is done according to the canons of maximum import substitution, the developers say.
⇡ Mobile System of the Armed Forces (MSVS)
Developer: All-Russian Research Institute of Control Automation in the Non-Industrial Sphere. V. V. Solomatina (VNIINS)
A secure general-purpose operating system designed to build stationary and mobile secure automated systems in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Accepted for supply to the RF Armed Forces in 2002. The WSWS is based on the kernel and components of Linux, supplemented by discretionary, mandated and role-based models of access to information. The system operates on Intel (x86 and x86_64), SPARC (Elbrus-90micro), MIPS, PowerPC64, SPARC64 hardware platforms and is certified according to the information security requirements of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. The means of protection implemented in the WSWS make it possible to create automated systems based on the platform that process information constituting a state secret with a secrecy degree of "SS" (top secret).
⇡ "Dawn"
Developer: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Central Research Institute of Economics, Informatics and Control Systems" ("TsNII EISU", part of the "United Instrument-Making Corporation")
A family of software platforms based on the Linux kernel, which are an alternative to foreign operating systems currently used in law enforcement agencies, the public sector and defense enterprises. The Zarya desktop operating system is compatible with most traditional office applications and programs. The Zarya-DPC server platform allows you to organize an application server or a database server. To build data centers, it offers a standard set of server software, virtualization tools, as well as the ability to work on the so-called "big hardware", including mainframes. For embedded systems that work without human intervention, which must process information in real time, a special Zarya RV OS has been developed. The system corresponds to the third class of protection against unauthorized access and the second level of control of the absence of undeclared capabilities. The platform was developed by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense and is expected to be in demand by law enforcement agencies, the defense industry, as well as commercial structures working with state secrets and personal data.
Operating system for terminal stations. It is based on Linux and contains only the necessary set of tools for organizing workplaces using thin clients. All functions beyond these limits are excluded from the distribution. Kraftway Terminal Linux supports many application-level network protocols (RDP, VNC, SSH, NX, XWindow, VMWare View PCoIP, etc.), allows you to configure access rights for forwarding USB drives, provides the ability to use network and local printers, contains configuration recovery tools OS on reboot, as well as tools for remote group management of terminal stations and administration of workstations. A feature of the system is high security. Kraftway Terminal Linux also supports user authentication hardware: eToken PRO and eToken PRO Java USB keys from CJSC Aladdin R.D., as well as RuToken S and RuToken EDS from CJSC Active-soft. The OS update can be performed by the administrator through the local network or from a USB drive. It is possible to set up auto-update both from the customer's local server and from the Kraftway server.
⇡ wtware
Developer: Andrey Kovalev
Another software platform for deploying workplaces in the IT infrastructure of an enterprise using inexpensive terminal solutions. The WTware distribution includes services for network booting, tools for working with printers, barcode scanners and other peripheral equipment. Supports redirection of COM and USB ports, as well as smart card authentication. To connect to the terminal server, the RDP protocol is used, and detailed documentation is attached to the distribution to quickly resolve issues that arise when setting up the operating system. WTware is distributed under commercial terms and is licensed by the number of workstations. For the Raspberry Pi minicomputer, the developer offers a free version of the OS.
⇡ Kaspersky OS
Developer: Kaspersky Lab
A secure operating system designed for use in critical infrastructures and devices. The Kaspersky Lab platform can be used in automated process control systems (APCS), telecommunications equipment, medical devices, cars and other gadgets from the world of the Internet of things. The OS was created from scratch and, by virtue of its architecture, guarantees a high level of information security. The basic principle of operation of KasperskyOS is reduced to the rule "everything that is not allowed is prohibited." This eliminates the possibility of exploiting both known vulnerabilities and those that will be discovered in the future. At the same time, all security policies, including prohibitions on the execution of certain processes and actions, are configured in accordance with the needs of the organization. The platform will be delivered as pre-installed software on various types of equipment used in industrial and corporate networks. Currently, the secure OS of Kaspersky Lab is implemented in the L3 routing switch developed by Kraftway.
A real-time operating system (RTOS) written by AstroSoft programmers from scratch, without borrowing someone else's code, and designed primarily for the Internet of things and embedded devices. In addition, it is suitable for robotics, medical equipment, smart home and smart city systems, consumer electronics, etc. For the first time, the MAKS real-time OS (the abbreviation stands for “multi-agent coherent system”) was demonstrated to a wide audience in January 2017. The platform not only implements all the classic functionality of products of this type, but also has a number of unique features for organizing the interaction of multiple devices, which makes it possible to simplify the creation of mechanisms necessary in embedded systems: redundancy, hot swapping of equipment, etc. One of the features of MAKS is support for shared memory at the device level. This mechanism provides automatic synchronization of information between the nodes of a distributed system, resistant to failures of individual components. RTOS "MAKS" is included in the register of domestic software. In addition, the product is registered with the Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent) and is currently being certified by the Federal Service for Technical and Export Control (FSTEC of Russia) for the fourth level of control of undeclared capabilities (NDV).
⇡ As a conclusion
There are two approaches to creating Russian software. The first is to write the source code of products from scratch, entirely by domestic specialists. The second option involves the creation of national software based on the revision of borrowed source codes. This is exactly what Russian software companies working in the field of software import substitution adhere to. Our top 20 operating systems with the "Made in Russia" label are a clear confirmation of this. Whether this is good or bad is a big question, the subject of a separate discussion.
Not so long ago, a sensational statement appeared in the press. It turns out that the “traditional” Windows OS will soon be gone on all computers of state institutions in our country! Major figures promise that a Russian operating system will take its place. The idea is that by the end of this year, this very “OS” should begin testing in state institutions.
Optimistic start
The most famous project that can theoretically claim such significant roles is Synergy. This system uses the Linux kernel, the decision to develop it was made as recently as August 13, 2014. This was decided by a joint commission (at a meeting of the Russian Railways and Rosatom companies) and the Russian Federal Nuclear Center from the city of Sarov.
By the way, it is at the Synergy enterprise that it should now be intensively tested. From the "Russian Railways" will be required to actively "bring to mind" the OS, provided it is used in user database management systems. Russian Railways has enough of these!
By the way, this whole idea was initiated by Rosatom specialists, since the share of imported software is extremely large, and it was high time to leave such vicious practice for a long time. All those involved in the development promise that the Russian one will be protected from hacking no worse than the best foreign analogues.
Last straw
Such a quick decision was largely due to the fact that just in August 2014, the next update package for Windows 7 was released. The irony is that it was these updates that led to the failure of thousands of computers around the world, since it had critical errors. The problem was also aggravated by the situation with malfunctions of Windows RT, Windows 8 and 8.1 systems.
What is all this for?
In general, lately only the lazy have not discussed the Russian operating system. However, the discussion proceeds in an ironic manner. Do not blame users for the lack of patriotism. Practice shows that in most cases, domestic projects in this area can only offer “boring wallpapers” and a new design theme for the same Ubuntu.
It is important to understand exactly what requirements a truly promising Russian operating system should meet, what principles it should contain. Let's try to dream up and imagine in what directions its development should go.
"Childhood diseases"
In general, it is always worth starting with previous experience, even if it is negative. As we have already said, our country has one. Starting with the ancient Spectrums, on which a somewhat rethought DOS was installed, ending with relatively recent times, when the “fundamentally new” BedOS 2 “Tanya” was installed in some computer clubs. This epic creation was nothing more than Windows 98 redesigned almost beyond recognition.
All of them were united by one thing: despite the new interface, all these operating systems were just slightly reworked products of world famous software manufacturers.
What are the challenges facing domestic developers?
In principle, there is nothing new to speak of in this case. If a truly new Russian operating system for PCs is being developed now, then its creators face a huge number of tasks. We list only the main ones:
- The release of an OS that will perform all its tasks, work on servers and workstations of Russian production.
- Creation of working and functional virtualization tools for it.
- The same development of a database management tool, the debugging of which is now entrusted to Russian Railways.
- Creation, development and support of the domestic application development environment.
- Release of tools that could be used to automate testing.
- Creation of a domestic "app store". You give a worthy answer to all kinds of AppStore!
- The release of an OS that can run not only on desktop computers and laptops, but also on mobile devices (smartphones, tablets). This Russian mobile operating system should become a competitor to Android, iOS, Windows Mobile.
- Development of design tools that will make it easier to write new applications.
- Analysis of the business sector of the economy, creation of a specialized cluster of programs specifically for it.
- Finally, the development of a Russian operating system should include the creation of its own working environment (DE).
- Creation of new tools for installation, deployment and debugging of written programs.
- Possibility for painless migration of business and home users from older OS versions.
- Formation of training courses that will tell users about what the Russian operating system for PC is, about its capabilities and prospects.
About users of the new OS
It's no secret that the modern segment of home computers is largely focused on games. In addition, the PC market is characterized by an incredible variety of computer hardware, as well as the unconditional dominance of the same Windows operating system. Since all the concepts and habits of users in this niche are distinguished by inveterate conservatism, it is unlikely that they will be able to change at least somehow.
Thus, the new Russian operating system will most certainly be focused on government agencies, corporate segments of the economy, and the military-industrial complex.
What requirements should the new OS meet?
- The relatively low cost of both the system itself and the hardware that is necessary for its normal functioning.
- Availability of the possibility of "cloud" work on documents. Simply put, some kind of collaborative development environment should be oriented into the new system, which is especially in demand in an enterprise or government organization.
- The system must be able to scale. It is desirable that with the growth of the enterprise it could be “sharpened” precisely for the needs of a large organization (such analogues of the Business, Professional versions).
- The speed of processing arrays of information should be as high as possible.
- Maximum reliability and security (including against viruses).
- The development and development of the OS should be carried out taking into account the latest trends in the hardware market.
- Protection from malicious activities. In principle, the Russian operating system "Rosa" is well protected from this, but it is actually another Linux distribution.
- At least the theoretical possibility of using it on a home user's computer (in order to gradually attract a new audience).
- Full compatibility with at least the most common samples of computer hardware and peripherals.
OS development taking into account the trends of the future development of the hardware
Recently, processors have crossed the threshold of 14 nm, domestic Elbrus 65 nm have appeared, it is reported about the imminent release of a capacious memory of a new type ReRam, which will leave all modern SSDs (NAND) far behind in speed. Simply put, one of the priorities that manufacturers face should be the development of a system that will work on both existing and future hardware. This is a complex matter, and therefore there are quite natural doubts about its success.
And now we will talk about real progress in this area.
About Chameleons and more
In general, modern domestic operating systems have exactly two realistic development paths. And in the first place is the justified interest of the military, for whom protected domestic software is extremely important. The second direction can be described as "patriotic development". Projects sometimes appear on the network, the authors of which regularly announce a Russian-made operating system.
The latter case can be called Xameleon OS. If we talk about the technological side of the issue, then it is very similar to Mac OS X, since both systems are based on the use of a microkernel. Chameleon uses L4 development, and Mac OS X includes the Mach microkernel. Alas, but the domestic "answer" so far does not even have a banal GUI, that is, a graphical interface.
Other candidates
There is also the Russian operating system "Patriot OS". For quite some time, Boomstarter has announced a collection of donations for its creation. The claimed amount is 38,500,000 rubles, which in itself causes massive ridicule on the network. The fact is that domestic crowdfunding projects have never collected more than 12 million. Also, if you read the requirements for the new system...
Simply put, the declared amount is clearly not enough. If the Russian operating system "Patriot OS" will claim at least 1-2% of the software market in this area, then you need to collect ten times more. However, this money should be enough for at least a preliminary beta version, according to which it will be possible to judge the prospects of the project as a whole. But the adequacy of some of the declared characteristics is deeply questionable.
A moment of humor
Thus, the author of the project says that he would like to create a new Patrionet Network, an analogue of the World Internet, which will be available only to those users on whose computers the Russian Patriot operating system will be installed. It is stated that it will be based on "incredibly fast dynamic technologies." The fact is that for the implementation of something like this, even $ 38 million will not be enough, to say nothing of the domestic currency ...
Phantom perspectives
There is also a Russian operating system "Phantom". Theoretically, it is a development of the company Digital Zone (in fact - "home-made" by Dmitry Zavalishin). The latter every year fervently proves the advantages of his "brainchild" at the HighLoad exhibition and other similar events.
In principle, this time the Russian Phantom operating system does not contain anything truly revolutionary and new. Developers really are not cunning when they say that their OS is not a clone of Windows / Unix.
But for some reason they “forget” to tell that the Phantom is an almost exact copy of the KeyKOS / EROS system. Moreover, this topic was started in the distant 80s of the last century, when the general principles for the development of KeyKOS were laid.
OS ROSA is a great Russian-made option. Since my job is computer related, I am constantly on the lookout for the perfect operating system. What is included in this concept? Security, speed, as well as work without any "freezes" of the system. Recently, windows has not pleased users, so I paid attention to the Russian OS ROSA.
It was created from Mandriva in 2011. However, a really working version of the system came out a year later. Rosa Desktop Fresh 2012 has become a new page of domestic analogues of windows.
Colossal work was carried out on it by specialists from different countries, about 1 million lines of code were changed and added, almost 16 thousand packages were updated in their repositories. Also included in this line of systems is a server version - Rosa Server and a more popular desktop version - Rosa Desktop, which in turn comes in three editions. Such as Free (free components), EE (extended) and LTS (characterized by 5 years of support). Unlike , and the ROSA operating system has a number of advantages.
Russian operating system for PC Rosa advantages
In my opinion, Desktop is best suited for personal use, since it contains all the best developments. Due to this, it, like other versions, has a number of advantages:
It combines an elegant design and excellent functionality due to the selection of programs collected in it;
Having installed such a system, you do not need to look for drivers, they come with the OS. Thus, it is a complete set. Installed and rejoice;
If you doubt the need to change the system, you can use the so-called "guest mode". To do this, create a bootable USB flash drive and test this OS without demolishing the previous one;
Due to the fact that ROSA is certified by the FSTEC, it is perfect for organizations for which safety comes first;
In this system, the interface is very well thought out and all the necessary tools are easy to find, although they are slightly different from what we are used to. So, for example, after pressing the "Start" button, you find yourself in some kind of menu of androids and (or) smartphones;
ROSA allows you to experiment with installed programs in "freeze mode", and after a reboot, return the system to its original state.
Download OS ROSA-http://www.rosalinux.ru/rosa-linux-download-links/
A very wise decision of the developers was that they made the ROSA OS free. Such a step leads to its rapid distribution without any imposition on users.
The ROSA operating system, due to its security and ease of use, has become an ideal option for me. And its ability to distribute WiFi in two clicks was a pretty pleasant surprise for me.
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